内存取证 ¶
约 415 个字 96 行代码 预计阅读时间 3 分钟
Abstract
其实也没系统学习过内存取证方法,做了几道题反正就是 strings 一把梭,不行就 volatility 一把梭(再不行就开摆)
strings¶
dump 出来的内存中往往会存在一些字符串,可以用 strings 命令提取出来,然后通过搜索来寻找一些特定的字符串,比如 flag、secret 啥的
volatility¶
版本与安装 ¶
现存的两个版本 volatility2 和 volatility3,分别用了 python2 和 python3。不过 volatility3 感觉不好用,还得是 2
volatility2 安装直接看文档就好,mac 的话有一些依赖包有编译问题,懒得搞,可以去官网下载编译好的二进制包拿来直接运行
系统版本与 profile ¶
volatility 的话直接无脑梭就完事了,Windows 的话有内置 profile 可以直接梭,Linux 的话要先找一下版本然后构造对应 profile
查看系统版本:
Windows 取证一把梭 ¶
进程相关:
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> pslist
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> psxview
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> psscan
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> pstree
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> memdump -p <PID> --dump-dir=./
命令相关:
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> cmdscan
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> consoles
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> cmdline
文件相关:
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> filescan
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> filescan > files.txt
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> dumpfiles -Q <virtual addr> --dump-dir=./ # 由 filescan 结果来定
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> mftparser > mftparser.txt # 一些 filescan 搜不出来/被删了的可以尝试 mtfparser
其它一堆操作:
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> envars
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> netscan
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> connscan
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> svcscan
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> privs
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> hivelist
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> printkey -K "SAM\Domains\Account\Users\Names"
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> iehistory
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> notepad
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> editbox
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> userassist
volatility -f <file> --profile=<profile> clipboard -v
Linux 取证 ¶
Linux 首先需要构造一下 profile。volatility3 -f
然后在对应系统内进入 volatility 的 tools/linux 目录,执行 make,得到 module.dwarf 文件。除此之外还需要 /boot 目录下的 System.map 文件,然后将这两个文件打包压缩,放在 volatility/plugins/overlays/linux 目录下即可,再执行 volatility --info 就可以看到新的 Linux profile 了。
通过 volatility --info | grep linux_ 可以找到所有 Linux 内存下可用的指令,逐个试着用即可:
plugins list
linux_apihooks - Checks for userland apihooks
linux_arp - Print the ARP table
linux_aslr_shift - Automatically detect the Linux ASLR shift
linux_banner - Prints the Linux banner information
linux_bash - Recover bash history from bash process memory
linux_bash_env - Recover a process' dynamic environment variables
linux_bash_hash - Recover bash hash table from bash process memory
linux_check_afinfo - Verifies the operation function pointers of network protocols
linux_check_creds - Checks if any processes are sharing credential structures
linux_check_evt_arm - Checks the Exception Vector Table to look for syscall table hooking
linux_check_fop - Check file operation structures for rootkit modifications
linux_check_idt - Checks if the IDT has been altered
linux_check_inline_kernel - Check for inline kernel hooks
linux_check_modules - Compares module list to sysfs info, if available
linux_check_syscall - Checks if the system call table has been altered
linux_check_syscall_arm - Checks if the system call table has been altered
linux_check_tty - Checks tty devices for hooks
linux_cpuinfo - Prints info about each active processor
linux_dentry_cache - Gather files from the dentry cache
linux_dmesg - Gather dmesg buffer
linux_dump_map - Writes selected memory mappings to disk
linux_dynamic_env - Recover a process' dynamic environment variables
linux_elfs - Find ELF binaries in process mappings
linux_enumerate_files - Lists files referenced by the filesystem cache
linux_find_file - Lists and recovers files from memory
linux_getcwd - Lists current working directory of each process
linux_hidden_modules - Carves memory to find hidden kernel modules
linux_ifconfig - Gathers active interfaces
linux_info_regs - It's like 'info registers' in GDB. It prints out all the
linux_iomem - Provides output similar to /proc/iomem
linux_kernel_opened_files - Lists files that are opened from within the kernel
linux_keyboard_notifiers - Parses the keyboard notifier call chain
linux_ldrmodules - Compares the output of proc maps with the list of libraries from libdl
linux_library_list - Lists libraries loaded into a process
linux_librarydump - Dumps shared libraries in process memory to disk
linux_list_raw - List applications with promiscuous sockets
linux_lsmod - Gather loaded kernel modules
linux_lsof - Lists file descriptors and their path
linux_malfind - Looks for suspicious process mappings
linux_memmap - Dumps the memory map for linux tasks
linux_moddump - Extract loaded kernel modules
linux_mount - Gather mounted fs/devices
linux_mount_cache - Gather mounted fs/devices from kmem_cache
linux_netfilter - Lists Netfilter hooks
linux_netscan - Carves for network connection structures
linux_netstat - Lists open sockets
linux_pidhashtable - Enumerates processes through the PID hash table
linux_pkt_queues - Writes per-process packet queues out to disk
linux_plthook - Scan ELF binaries' PLT for hooks to non-NEEDED images
linux_proc_maps - Gathers process memory maps
linux_proc_maps_rb - Gathers process maps for linux through the mappings red-black tree
linux_procdump - Dumps a process's executable image to disk
linux_process_hollow - Checks for signs of process hollowing
linux_psaux - Gathers processes along with full command line and start time
linux_psenv - Gathers processes along with their static environment variables
linux_pslist - Gather active tasks by walking the task_struct->task list
linux_pslist_cache - Gather tasks from the kmem_cache
linux_psscan - Scan physical memory for processes
linux_pstree - Shows the parent/child relationship between processes
linux_psxview - Find hidden processes with various process listings
linux_recover_filesystem - Recovers the entire cached file system from memory
linux_route_cache - Recovers the routing cache from memory
linux_sk_buff_cache - Recovers packets from the sk_buff kmem_cache
linux_slabinfo - Mimics /proc/slabinfo on a running machine
linux_strings - Match physical offsets to virtual addresses (may take a while, VERY verbose)
linux_threads - Prints threads of processes
linux_tmpfs - Recovers tmpfs filesystems from memory
linux_truecrypt_passphrase - Recovers cached Truecrypt passphrases
linux_vma_cache - Gather VMAs from the vm_area_struct cache
linux_volshell - Shell in the memory image
linux_yarascan - A shell in the Linux memory image
不过做题感觉来说对 Linux 用 volatility 没有对 Windows 用好用。
创建日期: 2022年11月7日 23:22:41